Before choosing your hair care products, it is essential to know your scalp well. It largely determines the hair's actual needs—long before the length or texture of the hair itself.

The role of the scalp

The scalp is a flexible, durable covering that covers the skull and plays several roles, including serving as a physical barrier and thermal insulator. It is divided into several layers:

• The epidermis, the protective surface layer. Very thin, it is made up of constantly renewing cells.
• The dermis, a highly vascularized area about 2.5 millimeters thick, where the hair root, the hair follicle, is located. This is where the hair draws the energy essential for its growth and renewal.
• The hypodermis, composed of fatty tissue, where the hair bulb is deeply situated.

It is important that the scalp is healthy and provides the nutrients necessary for hair growth. To properly care for it, you must first know how to identify your scalp type: oily, dry, balanced, or combination.

Oily scalp

An oily scalp produces more sebum, which can make the hair feel heavy, greasy, or flat.

How to recognize it?

• The roots become greasy quickly after washing.
• The hair quickly loses its volume.
• The roots tend to feel heavy or greasy.
• You feel the need to wash your hair very frequently.
• The sebum is particularly visible at the roots.

Dry scalp

A dry scalp lacks lipids and can cause discomfort or tightness. It can also be accompanied by dry hair along the lengths.

How to recognize it?

• A feeling of tightness after washing.
• Occasional discomfort or itching.
• Skin that appears dry or is slightly peeling.
• Hair that lacks suppleness and softness.
• Hair that appears dull or rough.

Balanced scalp

A balanced scalp produces enough sebum to protect the skin without making the roots excessively greasy.

How to recognize it?

• The roots stay fresh for several days after washing.
• Little to no feeling of tightness.
• The scalp feels comfortable.
• The hair naturally has suppleness and shine.
• There is no significant feeling of heaviness or dryness.

Combination scalp

A combination scalp can be more difficult to identify because it has different needs depending on the areas of the hair.

Generally, the roots become greasy quickly while the lengths or ends are dry.

How to recognize it?

• The roots become greasy quickly.
• The lengths remain dry or lack suppleness.
• The ends tend to be split or brittle.
• The hair appears greasy near the scalp but dry along the lengths.

How to know what your scalp type is?

Are you not sure of your type? Here are a few simple tips to observe it better.

1. Observe your roots after washing

Wash your hair as you usually do, then observe the appearance and feel of your roots over the following days.

After 1 day: are your roots already very greasy? Your scalp might be oily.

After 2 to 3 days: do your roots gradually start to lose their freshness? Your scalp might be balanced.

Do your roots stay comfortable for several days, but your scalp feels tight? It might be dry.

Do your roots become greasy while your ends stay dry? You probably have a combination scalp.

 

2. Pay attention to how your scalp feels

Your scalp often sends you signals.

Ask yourself:

Does it feel tight?
→ It might lack comfort or be dry.

Does it become greasy quickly?
→ Sebum production may be higher.

Is it comfortable and balanced?
→ Your scalp might be balanced.

Are my roots greasy, but my ends dry?
→ You probably have two different needs to manage.

 

3. Do not rely solely on washing frequency

Washing your hair every day does not automatically mean you have an oily scalp.

Washing frequency depends on several factors: sebum production, physical activity, perspiration, environment, hair texture, styling habits, and personal preferences.

The most important thing is to see how your scalp behaves between washes.

Why it is important to properly identify your type

Recognizing your scalp type allows you to choose products that are truly suitable, rather than following a generic routine that does not meet the specific needs of your skin. A poor choice of shampoo can worsen an existing imbalance, while a suitable product helps restore scalp health in the long term.

 

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